Transistors are semiconductor devices that act as switches or amplifiers in electronic circuits. They control the flow of electrical signals and are fundamental to modern electronics. Available in different types, such as Bipolar Junction Transistors (BJTs) and Field-Effect Transistors (FETs), they are used in power regulation, signal processing, and digital logic circuits. Transistors are essential in applications like microprocessors, amplifiers, switching power supplies, and communication devices. Their ability to switch and amplify signals efficiently makes them a crucial component in consumer electronics, automotive systems, and industrial automation.